A child’s ability to use executive function skills can change from moment to moment. So can their ability to learn new ones. When we talk about executive function, we often describe skills such as initiation, working memory, planning, organization, flexibility, inhibition, time management, persistence, and metacognition. This can make executive function sound relatively straightforward: identify the skill that is weak, teach a strategy, practice it, and expect improvement. Bu

When MTSS feels stuck, the issue may not be student motivation; it may be access. This body-first, access-based perspective helps school teams look beneath observable challenges to better support regulation, executive function, and meaningful participation.

Toileting depends on much more than learning a routine. Interoception, regulation, sensory processing, nervous system state, and body awareness all influence how children access toileting participation. This body-first, neurodiversity-affirming approach helps caregivers and professionals better understand the systems underneath daily routines and support children through access, safety, and participation.

A child can know exactly what to do… and still be unable to do it in that moment. They may know how to transition. They may understand expectations. They may have completed the same task yesterday. So why does it suddenly fall apart? This is where many adults become confused. From the outside, it may look like: avoidance defiance emotional outbursts inconsistent participation refusal shutting down difficulty transitioning “not trying” But what if the issue is not willingness?

The holidays place a heavy load on executive function. Changes in routine, increased sensory input, and social demands can overwhelm a child’s nervous system long before behavior changes appear. This article explains how holiday stress impacts regulation, why stress responses signal a need for support, and how interoception helps children recognize when their nervous system needs a break.

This article explores how interoception and the brain-body connection influence executive function and theory of mind in children. Learn how strengthening interoceptive awareness supports emotional regulation, flexible thinking, self-awareness, and decision-making. Includes practical pediatric OT strategies to build interoception and boost executive function skills.